Choose the incorrect statement about osmosis from the following.

Options

A. The rate of osmosis is dependent only on the pressure gradient .
B. Osmosis occurs spontaneously in response to a driving force
C. Osmotic pressure is referred to the applied positive pressure , while y osmotic potential is negative.
D. Water moves from a region of higher chemical potential to a region of lower chemical potential

Answer

To solve the question of identifying the incorrect statement about osmosis, we will analyze each statement provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Osmosis**:
- Osmosis is defined as the movement of water (or solvent) across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration (or lower solute concentration) to a region of lower water concentration (or higher solute concentration).
- It is important to note that osmosis is a passive process and does not require energy.

2. **Evaluating the Statements**:
- **Statement 1**: "The rate of osmosis is dependent only on the pressure gradient."
- This statement is incorrect. The rate of osmosis is influenced by several factors, including solute concentration, temperature, and the presence of a pressure gradient. It is not solely dependent on pressure.

- **Statement 2**: "Osmosis occurs spontaneously in response to driving force."
- This statement is correct. Osmosis occurs naturally due to the concentration gradient and does not require external energy.

- **Statement 3**: "Osmotic pressure is referred to the applied positive pressure while osmotic potential is negative."
- This statement is correct. Osmotic pressure is a measure of the tendency of water to move into a solution and is expressed as a positive value, while osmotic potential (or solute potential) is typically negative.

- **Statement 4**: "Water moves from a region of higher chemical potential to a region of lower chemical potential."
- This statement is also correct. Water moves from areas of higher chemical potential (more free water molecules) to areas of lower chemical potential (fewer free water molecules).

3. **Conclusion**:
- The incorrect statement about osmosis is: "The rate of osmosis is dependent only on the pressure gradient."

### Final Answer:
The incorrect statement about osmosis is: "The rate of osmosis is dependent only on the pressure gradient."

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