How many ATPs are produce when `12H^+` Pass through `F_0 – F _1` particle ?

Options

A. 2 ATP
B. 4 ATP
C. 6 ATP
D. 5 ATP

Answer

To determine how many ATP molecules are produced when 12 hydrogen ions (H⁺) pass through the F₀-F₁ ATP synthase complex, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding ATP Synthase**:
- ATP synthase is an enzyme located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, consisting of two main parts: F₀ and F₁.
- The F₀ component is embedded in the membrane and allows protons (H⁺ ions) to pass through, while the F₁ component is responsible for synthesizing ATP.

2. **Proton Passage and ATP Production**:
- It is known that for every 2 protons (H⁺) that pass through the F₀ component, 1 molecule of ATP is synthesized in the F₁ component.
- This means there is a direct relationship between the number of protons and the number of ATP molecules produced.

3. **Calculating ATP from Protons**:
- Given that 12 protons are passing through the F₀-F₁ complex, we can calculate the number of ATP produced:
\[ \text{Number of ATP} = \frac{\text{Total H}^+ \text{ ions}}{2} \]
- Substituting the value:
\[ \text{Number of ATP} = \frac{12}{2} = 6 \]

4. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, when 12 H⁺ ions pass through the F₀-F₁ ATP synthase, a total of 6 ATP molecules are produced.

### Final Answer:
**6 ATP molecules are produced when 12 H⁺ pass through the F₀-F₁ particle.**