Vertebrate hearts and brains shows

Options

A. analogy
B. atavism
C. homology.
D. adaptive radiation

Answer

To solve the question "Vertebrate hearts and brains show," we need to analyze the options provided and understand the concepts associated with each term.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Options**:
- **A. Analogy**: This refers to structures that have different origins but perform similar functions. For example, the wings of birds and insects serve the same purpose (flight) but are structurally different.
- **B. Activism**: This term is not commonly used in biological contexts. It seems to refer to the loss and potential re-emergence of ancestral traits, but it is not relevant to the comparison of hearts and brains.
- **C. Homology**: This indicates that structures have a common evolutionary origin but may serve different functions. For example, the forelimbs of mammals (like humans, whales, and bats) have similar bone structures but are adapted for different functions.
- **D. Adaptive Radiation**: This refers to the process by which organisms diversify rapidly into a wide variety of forms to adapt to different environments. It is not directly related to the structural comparison of hearts and brains.

2. **Identifying the Correct Concept**:
- Vertebrate hearts and brains share a common structural framework due to their evolutionary lineage. Despite having different functions (e.g., pumping blood in hearts and processing information in brains), their underlying structures are similar.

3. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the definitions and explanations, the correct answer to the question is **C. Homology**. Vertebrate hearts and brains exhibit homology as they share a common structural origin but have different functions.

### Final Answer:
**C. Homology**