Virus-mediated transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another is called

Options

A. transduction
B. transformation
C. transversion
D. translation

Answer

To solve the question "Virus-mediated transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another is called," we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Context
We need to identify the process by which DNA is transferred between bacteria with the involvement of a virus. This is a specific type of genetic exchange.

**Hint:** Look for terms related to gene transfer mechanisms in bacteria.

### Step 2: Identify the Options
The options provided are:
1. Transduction
2. Transformation
3. Transversion
4. Translation

**Hint:** Familiarize yourself with the definitions of each term to determine which one involves a virus.

### Step 3: Analyze Each Option
- **Transduction:** This process involves the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another via a virus (specifically, a bacteriophage). The virus acts as a vector that carries bacterial DNA from one cell to another.

- **Transformation:** This process involves the uptake of naked DNA from the environment by a bacterium. No virus is involved in this process.

- **Transversion:** This term refers to a type of mutation where a purine is replaced by a pyrimidine or vice versa in the DNA sequence. It is not related to DNA transfer between bacteria.

- **Translation:** This is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA. It does not involve DNA transfer between bacteria.

**Hint:** Focus on the option that specifically mentions the involvement of a virus in the DNA transfer process.

### Step 4: Conclusion
Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **Transduction**. This is the process where a virus mediates the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another.

**Final Answer:** Virus-mediated transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another is called **Transduction**.