Which of the following vertebrae organ/s receives only Oxygenated blood ?
a. Heart
b. Lungs
c. Liver
d. Spleen
e. Gills

Options

A. a,b & d
B. c & d
C. a,c & d
D. only d

Answer

To determine which of the following vertebrate organs receives only oxygenated blood, we will analyze each option one by one.

1. **Heart**:
- The heart is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. It receives both oxygenated blood (from the lungs via the pulmonary veins) and deoxygenated blood (from the body via the vena cavae). Therefore, the heart does not receive only oxygenated blood.
- **Hint**: Remember that the heart is a central organ that handles both types of blood.

2. **Lungs**:
- The lungs are involved in gas exchange. They receive deoxygenated blood from the heart (via the pulmonary arteries) to oxygenate it. Thus, the lungs do not receive only oxygenated blood.
- **Hint**: Consider the role of lungs in oxygenating blood rather than receiving it.

3. **Liver**:
- The liver receives blood from two sources: the hepatic portal vein (which carries nutrient-rich deoxygenated blood from the digestive organs) and the hepatic artery (which carries oxygenated blood). Therefore, the liver does not receive only oxygenated blood.
- **Hint**: Think about the dual blood supply to the liver.

4. **Spleen**:
- The spleen primarily filters blood and is involved in the immune response. It receives blood from the splenic artery, which is oxygenated, but it also processes deoxygenated blood. However, it is important to note that the spleen does not receive blood in the same manner as other organs, as it mainly filters and stores blood rather than receiving it solely for oxygenation.
- **Hint**: Focus on the spleen's role in blood filtration and immune function.

5. **Gills**:
- Gills are specialized organs in fish that extract oxygen from water. They receive deoxygenated blood from the heart (via the afferent branchial arteries) to oxygenate it. Thus, gills do not receive only oxygenated blood.
- **Hint**: Remember that gills are designed to oxygenate blood, not to receive it in an oxygenated state.

After analyzing all options, we conclude that none of the listed organs receive only oxygenated blood. However, if we consider the context of the question, the spleen is often considered to handle blood that is primarily filtered and processed, but it does not strictly receive only oxygenated blood.

**Final Answer**: None of the options listed receive only oxygenated blood, but the spleen is the closest in terms of its function related to blood.