Van der waals forces consist of

Options

A. dipole - dipole forces
B. dipole - induced dipole forces
C. cation and anion attraction force
D. induced dipole - induced dipole forces

Answer

To answer the question about what Van der Waals forces consist of, we can break it down step by step:

### Step 1: Understand Van der Waals Forces
Van der Waals forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise from the interactions between molecules. They are significant in determining the physical properties of substances, especially in gases and liquids.

### Step 2: Identify Types of Van der Waals Forces
There are three main types of Van der Waals forces:
1. **Dipole-Dipole Forces**: These occur between polar molecules where positive ends of one molecule are attracted to the negative ends of another.
2. **Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces**: These occur when a polar molecule induces a dipole in a non-polar molecule, leading to an attraction between them.
3. **Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces (London Dispersion Forces)**: These occur between non-polar molecules due to temporary dipoles that form when electron distributions fluctuate.

### Step 3: Exclude Non-Van der Waals Forces
Cation-anion interactions (ionic forces) are not classified as Van der Waals forces. They are strong electrostatic forces between charged ions and should be excluded from the list of Van der Waals forces.

### Step 4: Summarize the Types of Van der Waals Forces
Based on the above information, the types of forces that are considered Van der Waals forces are:
- Dipole-Dipole Forces
- Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces
- Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

### Final Answer
Therefore, the correct components of Van der Waals forces are:
- **Dipole-Dipole Force**
- **Dipole-Induced Dipole Force**
- **Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole Force**