Chlorobenzene is prepared commercially by :

Options

A. Raschig process
B. Wutz Fitting reaction
C. Friedel- Craft's reaction
D. Grignard reaction

Answer

To determine how chlorobenzene is prepared commercially, we will analyze the given methods: Rushing method, Wood's Fitting reaction, Friedel-Craft reaction, and Grignard reaction.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Rushing Method**:
- The Rushing method involves the reaction of benzene with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and oxygen (O2) in the presence of a catalyst, copper(II) chloride (CuCl2) at a temperature of around 500 K.
- The reaction can be summarized as:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_6 + 2 \text{HCl} + \text{O}_2 \xrightarrow{\text{CuCl}_2, 500K} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{Cl} + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
- This reaction produces chlorobenzene (C6H5Cl) as the main product.

2. **Analyzing Wood's Fitting Reaction**:
- Wood's Fitting reaction involves the reaction of an alkyl halide with sodium in the presence of ether, which leads to the formation of a biphenyl compound rather than chlorobenzene.
- The general reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{X} + \text{R-X} + 2 \text{Na} \xrightarrow{\text{ether}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{R} + \text{NaX} \]
- Since chlorobenzene is not formed in this reaction, this method is not suitable for the preparation of chlorobenzene.

3. **Examining Friedel-Craft Reactions**:
- Friedel-Craft reactions consist of alkylation and acylation of benzene.
- In alkylation, an alkyl halide reacts with benzene in the presence of a Lewis acid (like AlCl3) to form alkyl-substituted benzene, but not chlorobenzene.
- In acylation, an acyl halide reacts with benzene to form a ketone, which also does not yield chlorobenzene.
- Therefore, neither type of Friedel-Craft reaction produces chlorobenzene.

4. **Considering the Grignard Reaction**:
- The Grignard reaction involves the reaction of a Grignard reagent (R-MgX) with various electrophiles, such as carbonyl compounds.
- When a Grignard reagent reacts with an alkyl halide, it typically leads to the formation of hydrocarbons rather than chlorobenzene.
- Thus, the Grignard reaction is not a method for preparing chlorobenzene.

### Conclusion:
After analyzing all the methods, we find that the **Rushing method** is the correct commercial method for the preparation of chlorobenzene.

### Final Answer:
Chlorobenzene is prepared commercially by the **Rushing method**.

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