Which one of the following solutions will have the highest molar conductance?

Options

A. `0.1 M CH_(3)COOH`
B. `0.1 M NaCl`
C. `0.1 M KNO_(3) `
D. `0.1 M HCl`

Answer

To determine which solution has the highest molar conductance among the given options (acetic acid, sodium chloride, potassium nitrate, and hydrochloric acid), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand Molar Conductance
Molar conductance (Λ) is defined as the conductance of a solution containing one mole of an electrolyte. It is influenced by the degree of dissociation of the electrolyte in solution.

### Step 2: Identify the Nature of Electrolytes
- **Strong Electrolytes**: These fully dissociate into ions in solution. Examples include sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium nitrate (KNO3), and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
- **Weak Electrolytes**: These do not fully dissociate in solution. An example is acetic acid (CH3COOH).

### Step 3: Analyze the Given Electrolytes
1. **Acetic Acid (CH3COOH)**: A weak electrolyte that partially dissociates in solution.
2. **Sodium Chloride (NaCl)**: A strong electrolyte that fully dissociates into Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.
3. **Potassium Nitrate (KNO3)**: Another strong electrolyte that fully dissociates into K⁺ and NO₃⁻ ions.
4. **Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)**: A strong electrolyte that fully dissociates into H⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.

### Step 4: Consider the Effect of Dilution
For weak electrolytes like acetic acid, molar conductance increases upon dilution because dilution helps to increase the degree of dissociation. In contrast, strong electrolytes already dissociate completely, and their molar conductance does not significantly change with dilution.

### Step 5: Compare Molar Conductance
- **Acetic Acid**: As a weak electrolyte, its molar conductance will increase upon dilution.
- **NaCl, KNO3, and HCl**: These are strong electrolytes and will have relatively high molar conductance, but they do not increase with dilution like acetic acid.

### Conclusion
Among the four options, the 0.1 M acetic acid will have the highest molar conductance due to its nature as a weak electrolyte, which benefits from dilution.

### Final Answer
**0.1 M Acetic Acid has the highest molar conductance.**

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