In the reaction `CHCl_(3)+4OH^(-)toHCOO^(-)+3Cl^(-)+2H_(2)O`, the intemediate species formed are.

Options

A. `C Cl_(3)^(-)`
B. `:C Cl_(2)`
C. `CH(OH)_(3)`
D. `COCl_(2)`

Answer

To determine the intermediate species formed in the reaction \( \text{CHCl}_3 + 4 \text{OH}^- \rightarrow \text{HCOO}^- + 3 \text{Cl}^- + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} \), we can analyze the mechanism step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants and Products**:
- The reactant is chloroform (\( \text{CHCl}_3 \)).
- The products are formate ion (\( \text{HCOO}^- \)), chloride ions (\( \text{Cl}^- \)), and water.

2. **Role of Hydroxide Ion (\( \text{OH}^- \))**:
- The hydroxide ion acts as a base and will abstract a proton (\( \text{H}^+ \)) from chloroform. This leads to the formation of a carbanion.

3. **Formation of the First Intermediate**:
- When \( \text{OH}^- \) abstracts a proton from \( \text{CHCl}_3 \), we form the trichloromethyl anion (\( \text{CCl}_3^- \)):
\[ \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{OH}^- \rightarrow \text{CCl}_3^- + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

4. **Nucleophilic Attack**:
- The trichloromethyl anion (\( \text{CCl}_3^- \)) is now a strong nucleophile. It can attack an electrophile, which in this case is the carbon atom in \( \text{CHCl}_3 \) that is bonded to chlorine.

5. **Formation of the Second Intermediate**:
- The nucleophilic attack leads to the formation of a carbon intermediate. This carbon is electron-deficient due to the presence of electronegative chlorine atoms. The reaction can proceed to form a carbonyl compound:
\[ \text{CCl}_3^- \rightarrow \text{C} + \text{Cl}^- \]

6. **Further Reactions**:
- The carbon intermediate can then react with another hydroxide ion, leading to the formation of the final product, which is the formate ion (\( \text{HCOO}^- \)):
\[ \text{C} + \text{OH}^- \rightarrow \text{HCOO}^- \]

7. **Summary of Intermediates**:
- The intermediates formed during the reaction are:
1. Trichloromethyl anion (\( \text{CCl}_3^- \))
2. Carbon intermediate (which can be represented as \( \text{C} \))

### Final Answer:
The intermediate species formed in the reaction are \( \text{CCl}_3^- \) and \( \text{C} \).

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