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Identify the complex in which only one d...

Identify the complex in which only one d orbital is used in the hybridisation

A

`[Ni(CN)_4]^(2-)`

B

`[Fe(CN)_6]^(3-)`

C

`[Co(en)_3]^(3+)`

D

`[FeF_6]^(3-)`

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To identify the complex in which only one d orbital is used in hybridization, we can analyze the given complexes step by step. ### Step 1: Analyze the complexes We have four complexes to analyze: 1. Ni(CN)₄²⁻ 2. Fe(CN)₆³⁻ 3. Co(en)₃³⁺ 4. Fe(F)₆³⁻ ### Step 2: Determine the oxidation state of the central metal ion 1. **For Ni(CN)₄²⁻:** - Let the oxidation state of Ni be \( x \). - The charge of the complex is -2. - The charge from 4 CN⁻ ligands is -4. - Therefore, \( x - 4 = -2 \) → \( x = +2 \). 2. **For Fe(CN)₆³⁻:** - Let the oxidation state of Fe be \( x \). - The charge of the complex is -3. - The charge from 6 CN⁻ ligands is -6. - Therefore, \( x - 6 = -3 \) → \( x = +3 \). 3. **For Co(en)₃³⁺:** - Let the oxidation state of Co be \( x \). - The charge of the complex is +3. - Ethylenediamine (en) is a neutral ligand. - Therefore, \( x = +3 \). 4. **For Fe(F)₆³⁻:** - Let the oxidation state of Fe be \( x \). - The charge of the complex is -3. - The charge from 6 F⁻ ligands is -6. - Therefore, \( x - 6 = -3 \) → \( x = +3 \). ### Step 3: Determine the electronic configuration of the metal ions 1. **Ni²⁺ (from Ni(CN)₄²⁻):** - Atomic number of Ni = 28 → Configuration: [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s² - After losing 2 electrons: [Ar] 3d⁸ 2. **Fe³⁺ (from Fe(CN)₆³⁻ and Fe(F)₆³⁻):** - Atomic number of Fe = 26 → Configuration: [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s² - After losing 3 electrons: [Ar] 3d⁵ 3. **Co³⁺ (from Co(en)₃³⁺):** - Atomic number of Co = 27 → Configuration: [Ar] 3d⁷ 4s² - After losing 3 electrons: [Ar] 3d⁶ ### Step 4: Determine the hybridization of each complex 1. **Ni(CN)₄²⁻:** - CN⁻ is a strong field ligand and will cause pairing of d electrons. - Configuration: 3d⁸ (pairing occurs) - Hybridization: dsp² (1 d orbital involved). 2. **Fe(CN)₆³⁻:** - CN⁻ is a strong field ligand. - Configuration: 3d⁵ (pairing occurs) - Hybridization: d²sp³ (2 d orbitals involved). 3. **Co(en)₃³⁺:** - Ethylenediamine is a strong field ligand. - Configuration: 3d⁶ (pairing occurs) - Hybridization: d²sp³ (2 d orbitals involved). 4. **Fe(F)₆³⁻:** - F⁻ is a weak field ligand. - Configuration: 3d⁵ (no pairing occurs) - Hybridization: sp³d² (2 d orbitals involved). ### Conclusion Only the complex **Ni(CN)₄²⁻** uses one d orbital in its hybridization, which is dsp².
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