Fill in the blanks :
a. K. Esau was born….1…. In 1898
b. K. Esau reported in her early publications that the curly top virus spreads through a plant via the …2… conducting tissue
c. In the root, a few …3… above the root cap is the region of meristematic activity
d. The root ..4... absorb water and minerals from the soil.

Water and dissolved minerals get into the root hair of a plant by a process called A and enter the conducting tissue B. The C helps the water and dissolved minerals to move up through the tissue B in roots and stem, and reach the leaves of a plant. In the leaves food is made by a process D. This food is then transported to all the parts of a plant through tissue E. The process of distributing food made in the leaves to all the parts of the plant is called F. (a) What are (i) A (ii) B (iii) C (iv) E, and (iv) F ? (b) Which tissue is made up of living cells : B or E ? (c) Name one substance (other than oxygen) which is transported by tissue A in the human body. (d) Which two components of tissue A are the cells without nucleus ? (e) Name any two organisms (animals) which do not have liquid like A in their body.

Fill in the blanks: (1) Despite the absence of a heart or a circulatory system in plants the flow of water upward through the xylem in plants can achieve fairly high rates up to .....a.....metres per hour. (2) Less than .....b...... Percent of the water reaching the leaves is used in photpsynthesis and plant growth. (3) Water loss from a leaf can be studied by using ......c...... . (4) Most researchers agree that water is mainly .....d..... through the plant.

Liquid water coats an active (growing) icicle and extends up a short, narrow tube along the central axis. Because the water-ice interface must have a temperature of 0^(@) C, the water in the tube cannot lose energy through the sides of the icicle or down through the tip because there is no temperature change in those directions . It can lose energy and freeze only by sending energy up(through distance L) to the top of the icicle, where the temperature T_(r) can be below 0^(@) C. Take L=0.10m and T_(r) = -5^(@) C.Assume that the central tube and the upward conduction path both have crosse-sectional area A=0.5 m^(2) . The thermal conductivity of ice is 0.40 W //mcdotK , latent heat of fusion is L_(F)=4.0xx10^(5) J//K and the density of liquid water is 1000 kg //m^(3) . The rate at which mass converted from liquid to ice at the top of the central tube is