Benzene favours ……………. Substitution reaction.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Benzene Structure**: Benzene is a cyclic compound with a planar structure. It consists of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring, with alternating single and double bonds. However, due to resonance, all carbon-carbon bonds in benzene are of equal length and strength.

2. **Delocalization of Electrons**: In benzene, the p-orbitals of the carbon atoms overlap, allowing for the delocalization of π (pi) electrons above and below the plane of the ring. This delocalization results in a stable electron cloud.

3. **Electron-Rich Nature of Benzene**: The delocalized electrons make benzene electron-rich. This characteristic is crucial because it influences how benzene reacts with other substances.

4. **Electrophilic Substitution Reaction**: Benzene tends to undergo electrophilic substitution reactions rather than addition reactions. In an electrophilic substitution reaction, an electrophile (an electron-deficient species) attacks the electron-rich benzene ring, leading to the substitution of one hydrogen atom with the electrophile.

5. **Reason for Favoring Electrophilic Substitution**: The reason benzene favors electrophilic substitution is that the stability of the aromatic system is maintained. If benzene were to undergo an addition reaction, it would lose its aromaticity, which is energetically unfavorable.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, it can be concluded that benzene favors electrophilic substitution reactions due to its planar structure, delocalized electrons, and the need to maintain aromatic stability.

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