The medullary interstitial fluid of a patient is highly concentrated than a normal person. As compared to a normal person. As compared to a normal individual , the patient's urine will be

Options

A. concentrated
B. dilute
C. isotonic
D. both (B) and (C )

Answer

To solve the question regarding the concentration of urine in a patient with highly concentrated medullary interstitial fluid compared to a normal individual, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Medullary Interstitial Fluid**:
- The medullary interstitial fluid is the fluid found in the renal medulla, which plays a crucial role in the concentration of urine. In a normal individual, this fluid has a certain osmolarity, which helps in the reabsorption of water from the nephron.

**Hint**: Recall the role of the medullary interstitium in urine concentration.

2. **Concentration Gradient**:
- In the case of the patient, the medullary interstitial fluid is described as being "highly concentrated." This means that the osmolarity of the interstitial fluid is higher than normal, creating a strong concentration gradient.

**Hint**: Think about how a higher concentration gradient affects water movement.

3. **Water Reabsorption**:
- The nephron, particularly the loop of Henle, utilizes this concentration gradient to reabsorb water. When the medullary interstitial fluid is more concentrated, it promotes greater reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts back into the bloodstream.

**Hint**: Consider how the nephron's structure facilitates water reabsorption.

4. **Effect on Urine Concentration**:
- As more water is reabsorbed due to the higher concentration of the medullary interstitial fluid, the volume of urine decreases, and the remaining urine becomes more concentrated. This is because less water in the urine means that the solutes present (like urea, salts, etc.) are more concentrated.

**Hint**: Relate the amount of water reabsorbed to the concentration of solutes in the urine.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, in this patient with highly concentrated medullary interstitial fluid, the urine produced will be **concentrated**. This is in contrast to a normal individual, who would produce more diluted urine due to less water reabsorption.

**Final Answer**: The patient's urine will be concentrated.