The process by which substances are transported over a long distance in plants through the vascular system is called :

Options

A. Transfusion
B. Translocation
C. Osmosis
D. Diffusion

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the process of long-distance transport of substances in plants through the vascular system.

2. **Identifying the Vascular System**: In plants, the vascular system consists of two main types of tissues: xylem and phloem. These tissues are responsible for the transport of various substances.

3. **Role of Xylem**: Xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant. This is essential for the plant's hydration and nutrient supply.

4. **Role of Phloem**: Phloem, on the other hand, is responsible for transporting organic compounds, primarily sucrose and amino acids, from the leaves (where they are produced during photosynthesis) to other parts of the plant.

5. **Defining the Process**: The question specifically refers to the process of transporting substances over long distances. The term that describes this process in the context of the vascular system is "translocation."

6. **Choosing the Correct Option**: Given the options provided:
- A. Transfusion
- B. Translocation
- C. Osmosis
- D. Diffusion

The correct answer is **B. Translocation**, as it specifically refers to the long-distance transport of substances in plants.

**Final Answer**: The process by which substances are transported over a long distance in plants through the vascular system is called **Translocation**.

---