Lateral branches with short internodes giving rise to roots below and leaves above at nodes are observed in:

Options

A. Pea, Citrus
B. Mustard, Salvia
C. Chrysanthemum, Banana
D. Eichhonia, Pistia

Answer

To solve the question regarding lateral branches with short internodes that give rise to roots below and leaves above at nodes, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Characteristics Described
The question describes lateral branches that have:
- Short internodes
- Roots developing below the nodes
- Leaves developing above the nodes

### Step 2: Analyze the Options Given
We need to evaluate each option to see which one fits the description:

1. **P and Citrus**:
- These are not known for having short internodes with roots and leaves at nodes.
- **Conclusion**: Incorrect option.

2. **Mustard and Salvia**:
- These plants do not exhibit the described growth pattern of short internodes with roots and leaves at nodes.
- **Conclusion**: Incorrect option.

3. **Chrysanthemum and Banana**:
- While both are flowering plants, they do not match the description of having short internodes with roots and leaves at nodes.
- **Conclusion**: Incorrect option.

4. **Echornia and Pistia**:
- These are aquatic plants known for having lateral branches with short internodes. They produce roots below and leaves above at the nodes, fitting the description perfectly.
- **Conclusion**: Correct option.

### Step 3: Final Answer
Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **option 4: Echornia and Pistia**.

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