During embryonic development, the establishment of polarity along anterior/posterior, dorsal/ventral or medial/lateral axis is called

Options

A. anamorphosis
B. pattern formation
C. organiser phenomena
D. axis formation

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the establishment of polarity during embryonic development, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks about the process that establishes polarity along various axes (anterior/posterior, dorsal/ventral, medial/lateral) during embryonic development.

2. **Identify Key Terms**: The key terms in the question are "polarity," "embryonic development," and the specific axes mentioned (anterior/posterior, dorsal/ventral, medial/lateral).

3. **Consider the Options**: The options provided are:
- A) Anamorphosis
- B) Pattern formation
- C) Organizer phenomena
- D) Axis formation

4. **Analyze Each Option**:
- **Anamorphosis**: This term generally refers to a type of developmental change but is not specifically related to establishing polarity.
- **Pattern formation**: This refers to the process by which cells in an embryo organize into specific structures but does not directly denote the establishment of polarity.
- **Organizer phenomena**: This concept involves the role of certain cells (organizers) in directing the development of surrounding cells, including the establishment of body axes and polarity.
- **Axis formation**: While this term seems relevant, it is less commonly used in the context of polarity compared to "organizer phenomena."

5. **Select the Correct Answer**: Based on the analysis, the most appropriate answer is **C) Organizer phenomena**. This is supported by historical experiments conducted by Spemann and Mangold, which demonstrated how certain regions of the embryo influence the development of polarity.

### Final Answer:
The establishment of polarity along anterior/posterior, dorsal/ventral, or medial/lateral axis during embryonic development is called **Organizer phenomena**.

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