Conc. `HNO_(3)+H_(2)SO_(4)` mixture gives

Options

A. `NO_(2)^(+)`
B. `NO^(+)`
C. `NH_(4)^(+)`
D. `NO_(3)^(-)`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the reaction of concentrated HNO₃ (nitric acid) and H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid), we can break down the process step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Reactants**:
- Concentrated HNO₃ is a strong oxidizing agent and contains nitrogen in the +5 oxidation state.
- H₂SO₄ is also a strong acid and can act as a dehydrating agent.

2. **Formation of Nitronium Ion (NO₂⁺)**:
- When concentrated HNO₃ is mixed with concentrated H₂SO₄, the sulfuric acid can protonate the nitric acid, leading to the formation of the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺).
- The reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{HNO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \rightarrow \text{NO}_2^+ + \text{HSO}_4^- \]

3. **Mechanism of Reaction**:
- The lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom of HNO₃ can extract a proton (H⁺) from H₂SO₄, leading to the formation of a positively charged intermediate.
- This intermediate can then lose a water molecule (H₂O), resulting in the formation of the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺).

4. **Final Products**:
- The primary product of the reaction is the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺), which is a key electrophile in nitration reactions.
- The other product formed is the bisulfate ion (HSO₄⁻).

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the mixture of concentrated HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ primarily gives the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺) along with the bisulfate ion (HSO₄⁻).

### Final Answer:
The concentrated HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ mixture gives the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺).

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