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Let q be a positive with q le 50. If t...

Let q be a positive with `q le 50`.
If the sum `""^(98)C_(30)+2" "^(97)C_(30)+3." "^(96)C_(30)+ …… + 68." "^(31)C_(30)+69." "^(30)C_(30)=""^(100)C_(q)`
Find the sum of the digits of q.

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem, we need to evaluate the left-hand side expression and relate it to the right-hand side expression. Let's break it down step by step. ### Step 1: Understanding the Left-Hand Side Expression The left-hand side of the equation is: \[ \sum_{k=0}^{68} (69-k) \binom{98-k}{30} \] This expands to: \[ 69 \binom{98}{30} + 68 \binom{97}{30} + 67 \binom{96}{30} + \ldots + 1 \binom{30}{30} \] ### Step 2: Rewriting the Left-Hand Side We can rewrite the left-hand side using properties of binomial coefficients. We notice that: \[ \sum_{k=0}^{68} (69-k) \binom{98-k}{30} = \sum_{k=0}^{68} \binom{98-k}{30} + \sum_{k=0}^{68} (69-k) \binom{98-k}{30} \] This can be simplified using the hockey-stick identity in combinatorics. ### Step 3: Applying the Hockey-Stick Identity Using the hockey-stick identity: \[ \sum_{j=r}^{n} \binom{j}{r} = \binom{n+1}{r+1} \] we can express the sum of the binomial coefficients in a more manageable form. ### Step 4: Relating to the Right-Hand Side The right-hand side of the equation is: \[ \binom{100}{q} \] From our previous steps, we can find that the left-hand side simplifies to: \[ \binom{100}{32} \] This means we have: \[ \binom{100}{q} = \binom{100}{32} \] ### Step 5: Finding q From the properties of binomial coefficients, we know that: \[ \binom{n}{k} = \binom{n}{n-k} \] Thus, we have: \[ q = 32 \quad \text{or} \quad q = 100 - 32 = 68 \] Since \( q \) must be less than or equal to 50, we take: \[ q = 32 \] ### Step 6: Finding the Sum of the Digits of q Now, we need to find the sum of the digits of \( q \): \[ q = 32 \implies 3 + 2 = 5 \] ### Final Answer The sum of the digits of \( q \) is: \[ \boxed{5} \]
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