Among the given names of hormones, how many of them show a physiological response by changing the gene expression after binding with DNA inside the target cells ?
Oxytocin, Prolactin, Thyroxine, Calcitonin, Vasopressin , Estrogen, FSH, Cortisol, Testosterone, Adrenaline, Aldosterone

Options

A. Three
B. Five
C. Seven
D. Nine

Answer

To determine how many hormones from the given list show a physiological response by changing gene expression after binding with DNA inside the target cells, we need to analyze each hormone based on its solubility and mechanism of action.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify Hormone Types**:
- Hormones can be classified into two main categories based on their solubility:
- **Lipid-soluble hormones**: These can pass through the cell membrane and bind to intracellular receptors, leading to changes in gene expression.
- **Water-soluble hormones**: These cannot pass through the cell membrane and typically bind to receptors on the cell surface, initiating signaling cascades without directly altering gene expression.

2. **List of Hormones**:
- The hormones provided are:
- Oxytocin
- Prolactin
- Thyroxine
- Calcitonin
- Vasopressin
- Estrogen
- FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
- Cortisol
- Testosterone
- Adrenaline
- Aldosterone

3. **Analyze Each Hormone**:
- **Oxytocin**: Water-soluble (does not change gene expression).
- **Prolactin**: Water-soluble (does not change gene expression).
- **Thyroxine**: Lipid-soluble (changes gene expression).
- **Calcitonin**: Water-soluble (does not change gene expression).
- **Vasopressin**: Water-soluble (does not change gene expression).
- **Estrogen**: Lipid-soluble (changes gene expression).
- **FSH**: Water-soluble (does not change gene expression).
- **Cortisol**: Lipid-soluble (changes gene expression).
- **Testosterone**: Lipid-soluble (changes gene expression).
- **Adrenaline**: Water-soluble (does not change gene expression).
- **Aldosterone**: Lipid-soluble (changes gene expression).

4. **Count the Hormones that Change Gene Expression**:
- The hormones that can change gene expression by binding to DNA are:
- Thyroxine
- Estrogen
- Cortisol
- Testosterone
- Aldosterone
- Total count: 5 hormones.

5. **Final Answer**:
- The total number of hormones that show a physiological response by changing gene expression after binding with DNA inside the target cells is **5**.