In which of the following organisms, the feature of menstrual cucle during sexual reproduction is observed ?
(a) Most seasonal breeders
(b) Human females
(c )Old-world monkeys and apes
(d)Tiger

Options

A. (b),(c) & (d)
B. (b) & (c)
C. (c) & (d)
D. (a) & (b)

Answer

To solve the question regarding which organisms exhibit the feature of a menstrual cycle during sexual reproduction, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Menstrual Cycle**:
- The menstrual cycle is a monthly cycle of physiological changes in females, characterized by vaginal bleeding, which typically occurs every 28 days. It is primarily observed in certain primates, including humans.

2. **Analyzing Option (a) - Most Seasonal Breeders**:
- Seasonal breeders are animals that mate only during specific seasons when environmental conditions are favorable. They typically undergo an estrous cycle rather than a menstrual cycle.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect as seasonal breeders do not exhibit a menstrual cycle.

3. **Analyzing Option (b) - Human Females**:
- Human females are known to have a distinct menstrual cycle, which includes phases such as menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correct as human females do exhibit a menstrual cycle.

4. **Analyzing Option (c) - Old-World Monkeys and Apes**:
- Old-world monkeys and apes, like humans, also experience menstrual cycles. They share similar reproductive traits with humans, including menstruation.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correct as old-world monkeys and apes exhibit a menstrual cycle.

5. **Analyzing Option (d) - Tiger**:
- Female tigers do not have a menstrual cycle; instead, they undergo an estrous cycle, which occurs every 3 to 9 weeks. This cycle involves periods of receptivity and is not characterized by menstruation.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect as tigers do not exhibit a menstrual cycle.

### Final Answer:
The organisms that exhibit the feature of a menstrual cycle during sexual reproduction are:
- (b) Human females
- (c) Old-world monkeys and apes

Thus, the correct answers are options (b) and (c).