A `pi` bond is formed by the overlap of

Options

A. s-s orbitals
B. s-p orbitals
C. p-p orbitals in end to end manner
D. p-p orbitals in sidewise manner

Answer

To answer the question, "A π bond is formed by the overlap of," we need to analyze the types of orbital overlaps that can occur in chemical bonding. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Understand Orbital Overlap
- Bonds in chemistry are formed through the overlap of atomic orbitals. The nature of the overlap determines the type of bond formed, either sigma (σ) or pi (π).

**Hint:** Remember that the orientation of orbitals is crucial for determining the type of bond formed.

### Step 2: Identify Types of Bonds
- A sigma bond (σ) is formed by the end-to-end (or head-on) overlap of orbitals, while a pi bond (π) is formed by the sidewise (or lateral) overlap of orbitals.

**Hint:** Think about how the orbitals are positioned relative to each other when they overlap.

### Step 3: Analyze the Types of Orbital Overlaps
- **s-s overlap:** This type of overlap leads to a sigma bond.
- **s-p overlap:** This also results in a sigma bond due to end-to-end overlap.
- **p-p overlap (end-to-end):** This results in a sigma bond as well.
- **p-p overlap (sidewise):** This is the key overlap that results in the formation of a pi bond.

**Hint:** Focus on the orientation of the p orbitals; sidewise overlap is essential for pi bond formation.

### Step 4: Conclusion
- Therefore, a π bond is formed specifically by the sidewise overlap of p orbitals. This means that when two p orbitals overlap in a parallel fashion, they create a π bond.

**Final Answer:** A π bond is formed by the sidewise overlap of p orbitals.