Incorrect statement regarding hybridization is

Options

A. it is not possible for isolated atoms
B. number of hybrid orbital formed is same as the number of orbitals combining
C. only the half filled orbitals and fully filled orbitals can participate not the empty orbital
D. it is not a real physical process

Answer

To determine the incorrect statement regarding hybridization, let's analyze each option step by step:

### Step 1: Understand Hybridization
Hybridization is a concept in chemistry that describes the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals are used to form chemical bonds in molecules.

### Step 2: Analyze Each Statement
1. **Statement A:** "It is not possible for isolated atoms."
- **Analysis:** This statement is correct. Hybridization occurs when atoms bond together; isolated atoms do not undergo hybridization.

2. **Statement B:** "The number of hybrid orbitals formed is the same as the number of orbitals combining."
- **Analysis:** This statement is also correct. The number of hybrid orbitals produced equals the number of atomic orbitals that combine. For example, if one s orbital and three p orbitals combine, four sp³ hybrid orbitals are formed.

3. **Statement C:** "Only half-filled and fully-filled orbitals can participate, not the empty orbitals."
- **Analysis:** This statement is incorrect. While half-filled and fully-filled orbitals can participate in hybridization, empty orbitals can also participate in the process. Therefore, this statement is false.

4. **Statement D:** "It is not a real physical process."
- **Analysis:** This statement is correct. Hybridization is a theoretical model used to explain molecular geometry and bonding but is not a physical process that can be observed directly.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis, the incorrect statement regarding hybridization is **Statement C**.

### Final Answer
The incorrect statement regarding hybridization is **C**: "Only half-filled and fully-filled orbitals can participate, not the empty orbitals."

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