180 J of work is done on the system and at the same time 120 J of heat is given out. What is the change in the internal energy?

Explanation

To find the change in internal energy (ΔU) of a system, we can use the first law of thermodynamics, which is given by the equation:

ΔU = Q + W

where:
- ΔU is the change in internal energy,
- Q is the heat added to the system (positive if heat is absorbed, negative if heat is released),
- W is the work done on the system (positive if work is done on the system, negative if work is done by the system).
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