To determine the correct statement about fullerenes, specifically C₆₀, we can analyze the properties and characteristics of fullerenes step by step.
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. **Understanding Fullerenes**:
- Fullerenes are a form of carbon that includes molecules like C₆₀, which is also known as Buckminsterfullerene.
- They are classified as allotropes of carbon, similar to diamond and graphite.
**Hint**: Remember that fullerenes are a distinct allotrope of carbon, characterized by their unique molecular structure.
2. **Structure of C₆₀**:
- The structure of C₆₀ consists of 60 carbon atoms arranged in a spherical shape, resembling a soccer ball.
- The carbon atoms are connected by both single and double bonds, forming a series of hexagons and pentagons.
**Hint**: Visualize the structure of C₆₀ as a combination of hexagons and pentagons, which is crucial for understanding its stability and properties.
3. **Formation of Fullerenes**:
- Fullerenes are typically formed by the vaporization of graphite in an inert atmosphere (like helium or argon) rather than in the presence of hydrogen.
- This process involves heating graphite to high temperatures, allowing carbon atoms to aggregate into fullerene structures.
**Hint**: Recall that the presence of an inert gas is essential during the formation of fullerenes, as hydrogen is not involved in the process.
4. **Properties of Fullerenes**:
- Fullerenes, including C₆₀, are not considered impure forms of carbon. They have a well-defined structure and do not have dangling bonds, which are typically associated with impurities.
- The presence of dangling bonds would imply instability or reactivity, which is not characteristic of fullerenes.
**Hint**: Understand that fullerenes are stable and have a smooth structure, distinguishing them from other forms of carbon that may have dangling bonds.
5. **Correct Statement**:
- Among the options provided, the correct statement about C₆₀ is that it contains 12 five-membered rings and 20 six-membered rings. This is a defining feature of its structure.
**Hint**: Focus on the specific arrangement of rings in the fullerene structure, as this is a key point in identifying the correct statement.
### Conclusion:
The correct statement about fullerenes, specifically C₆₀, is that it contains 12 five-membered rings and 20 six-membered rings.
