A : `GeCl_(4)` is easily hydrolysed by water .
R : Central atom can accommodate lone pair of `e^(-)` from oxygen atom of water molecules in `GeCl_(4)`

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion , then mark (1)
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion , then mark (2)
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false , then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements , then mark (4)

Answer

To solve the question regarding the hydrolysis of germanium tetrachloride (`GeCl_(4)`) and the reasoning behind it, we can break down the explanation into clear steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Assertion**:
- The assertion states that `GeCl_(4)` is easily hydrolyzed by water. Hydrolysis refers to the reaction of a compound with water, leading to the breakdown of that compound.

2. **Analyzing the Structure of `GeCl_(4)`**:
- Germanium tetrachloride consists of a germanium (Ge) atom bonded to four chlorine (Cl) atoms. The germanium atom is the central atom in this molecule.

3. **Examining the Electronic Configuration of Germanium**:
- The atomic number of germanium is 32. Its electronic configuration is:
\[ \text{Ge: } [\text{Ar}] 3d^{10} 4s^2 4p^2 \]
- This configuration indicates that germanium has vacant orbitals available for bonding.

4. **Identifying the Role of Water**:
- Water (H₂O) has an oxygen atom that possesses two lone pairs of electrons. During hydrolysis, one of these lone pairs can be donated to the germanium atom.

5. **Vacant Orbitals in Germanium**:
- In addition to the 4s and 4p orbitals, germanium has vacant 4d orbitals. These vacant orbitals can accommodate the lone pair of electrons from the oxygen atom of water.

6. **Mechanism of Hydrolysis**:
- When water approaches `GeCl_(4)`, the lone pair from the oxygen atom can be donated to the vacant 4d orbital of germanium. This interaction leads to the formation of a hydrolyzed product, typically resulting in the formation of `Ge(OH)₄` and the release of hydrochloric acid (HCl).

7. **Conclusion**:
- The assertion is true because `GeCl_(4)` does undergo hydrolysis with water. The reason is also true as the central germanium atom can accommodate the lone pair of electrons from water due to the presence of vacant 4d orbitals. Therefore, both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.

### Final Answer:
Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.

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