Si  is refined by

Options

A. Vapour phase refining
B. Zone refining
C. Liquation
D. van Arkel method

Answer

### Step-by-Step Text Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the process used to refine silicon (Si).

2. **Identifying the Options**: The options provided are:
- A) Zone refining
- B) Vapor phase refining
- C) Liquefaction
- D) Von Harkel method

3. **Analyzing the Zone Refining Process**:
- Zone refining is a technique used primarily for the purification of semiconductors like silicon and germanium.
- The principle behind zone refining is that impurities are more soluble in the molten state of the material than in the solid state.

4. **Conclusion on Silicon Refining**:
- Given that silicon is a semiconductor, it is refined using the zone refining process due to its effectiveness in removing impurities from the material.

5. **Reviewing Other Options**:
- **Vapor Phase Refining**: This is also known as the Von Harkel method and is used for purifying metals like titanium and zirconium.
- **Liquefaction**: This method is applicable when the impurities have a higher melting point than the metal being refined, which is not the case for silicon.

6. **Final Answer**: Silicon (Si) is refined by the **zone refining process**.