In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is following by a statement of reason (R )
A : Haloalkanes react with KCN to give alkyl cyanide as the main product while with AgCN they form isocyanide as the main product.
R: In KCN, k form ionic bond due to which one lone pair present on carbon, so carbon act as donor but in AgCN, Ag form covalent bond and carbon has no lone pair so N-atom act as donor.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1).
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark(2).
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false , then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements, then mark (4)

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze the statements of assertion (A) and reason (R) provided in the question.

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion (A)
The assertion states that haloalkanes react with KCN to give alkyl cyanide as the main product, while with AgCN, they form isocyanide as the main product.

- **Haloalkanes and KCN Reaction**: When a haloalkane (RX) reacts with potassium cyanide (KCN), the nucleophilic cyanide ion (CN⁻) attacks the carbon atom bonded to the halogen (X), leading to the formation of alkyl cyanide (R-CN) and the release of potassium halide (KX).

- **Haloalkanes and AgCN Reaction**: When the same haloalkane reacts with silver cyanide (AgCN), the reaction leads to the formation of isocyanide (R-NC) instead. This is due to the different nature of the nucleophile in this case.

### Step 2: Understand the Reason (R)
The reason states that KCN forms an ionic bond, which allows the carbon atom to have a lone pair and act as a donor. In contrast, AgCN forms a covalent bond, where the carbon does not have a lone pair, so the nitrogen atom acts as a donor.

- **KCN Characteristics**: KCN is ionic, and the cyanide ion (CN⁻) has a negative charge localized on the carbon atom, which allows it to act as a nucleophile and attack the haloalkane.

- **AgCN Characteristics**: AgCN is covalent, and in this case, the carbon does not have a negative charge or a lone pair available for donation. Instead, the nitrogen atom of the cyanide acts as the nucleophile and attacks the haloalkane.

### Step 3: Conclusion
Both the assertion and reason are correct. The assertion accurately describes the products formed from the reactions of haloalkanes with KCN and AgCN. The reason correctly explains the difference in bonding and nucleophilicity between KCN and AgCN.

### Final Answer
- **Assertion (A)**: True
- **Reason (R)**: True
- **Explanation**: The reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.