In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is following by a statement of reason (R )
A : The number oif optically active isomers of tartaric acid contains two asymmetric carbon .

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1).
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark(2).
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false , then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements, then mark (4)

Answer

To solve the question regarding the assertion (A) and reason (R) about the number of optically active isomers of tartaric acid, we will analyze the statements step by step.

### Step 1: Understand the structure of tartaric acid
Tartaric acid is a naturally occurring organic acid that contains two asymmetric (chiral) carbon atoms. The structure of tartaric acid can be represented as:

```
HOOC
|
HO-C-COOH
|
HO-C-COOH
```

### Step 2: Identify the number of chiral centers
In tartaric acid, there are two chiral centers. Each chiral center can exist in two configurations (R or S). Therefore, the presence of two chiral centers suggests that there could be multiple stereoisomers.

### Step 3: Calculate the possible stereoisomers
The formula to calculate the maximum number of stereoisomers for a compound with 'n' chiral centers is given by:
\[ \text{Number of stereoisomers} = 2^n \]
For tartaric acid, with \( n = 2 \):
\[ \text{Number of stereoisomers} = 2^2 = 4 \]

### Step 4: Identify the types of isomers
Among the four stereoisomers, two are optically active (the R and S configurations that are not mirror images of each other), and one is a meso compound which is not optically active due to internal symmetry. Thus, the two optically active isomers are:
1. (R,R)-tartaric acid
2. (S,S)-tartaric acid

### Step 5: Conclusion on Assertion and Reason
- **Assertion (A)**: The number of optically active isomers of tartaric acid contains two asymmetric carbon. This statement is true.
- **Reason (R)**: The reason is not provided in the question, but the assertion stands correct based on the analysis of the structure and the number of chiral centers.

### Final Answer
The assertion is true, and the reasoning aligns with the understanding of tartaric acid's structure and its isomers.

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