Among the following which species will undergo reaction with 50% NaOH to form corresponding acid and alcohol?

Options

A. Acetic acid
B. Propanol
C. Phenol
D. Benzaldehyde

Answer

To solve the question of which species will undergo a reaction with 50% NaOH to form the corresponding acid and alcohol, we will follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Reaction**: The reaction in question is a Cannizzaro reaction, which occurs with aldehydes that do not have alpha hydrogens. In this reaction, one molecule of aldehyde is oxidized to form a carboxylic acid, while another molecule is reduced to form an alcohol.

2. **Identifying the Species**: We need to identify which of the given species is an aldehyde without alpha hydrogens. The options provided are:
- Acetic acid
- Alcohol
- Alcohol
- Benzaldehyde

3. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **Acetic Acid**: This is not an aldehyde; it is a carboxylic acid. Therefore, it cannot undergo the Cannizzaro reaction.
- **Alcohol**: The second and third options are alcohols. Alcohols do not undergo Cannizzaro reactions, as they are not aldehydes.
- **Benzaldehyde**: This is an aldehyde (C6H5CHO) and does not have any alpha hydrogens (the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl carbon does not have any hydrogen atoms). Therefore, it is a candidate for the Cannizzaro reaction.

4. **Performing the Cannizzaro Reaction**:
- When benzaldehyde reacts with 50% NaOH, one molecule is oxidized to form benzoic acid (C6H5COOH), and another molecule is reduced to form benzyl alcohol (C6H5CH2OH).
- The reaction can be summarized as:
\[ 2 \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{CHO} \xrightarrow{\text{50% NaOH}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COOH} + \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{CH}_2\text{OH} \]

5. **Conclusion**: The species that will undergo the reaction with 50% NaOH to form the corresponding acid and alcohol is **Benzaldehyde**.

### Final Answer:
**Benzaldehyde** will undergo the reaction with 50% NaOH to form benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol.

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