When m-chlorobenzaldehyde is treated with 50% `Ba(OH)_(2)` solution, the product (s) obtained is (are)

Options

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Answer

To solve the question regarding the reaction of m-chlorobenzaldehyde with 50% Ba(OH)₂ solution, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Reactants
- **m-Chlorobenzaldehyde** is an aromatic aldehyde with a chlorine substituent at the meta position relative to the aldehyde group. Its structure can be represented as:


### Step 2: Identify the Reaction Conditions
- The reaction is conducted in a basic medium using 50% Ba(OH)₂ solution. Barium hydroxide dissociates in water to give Ba²⁺ and OH⁻ ions, making the solution basic.

### Step 3: Recognize the Type of Reaction
- Since m-chlorobenzaldehyde does not have any alpha hydrogen atoms (hydrogens on the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group), it follows the **Knoevenagel condensation** or **Keninger reaction**. This reaction involves the nucleophilic attack of hydroxide ions on the carbonyl carbon of the aldehyde.

### Step 4: Mechanism of the Reaction
1. The **nucleophile (OH⁻)** attacks the carbonyl carbon of m-chlorobenzaldehyde.
2. This leads to the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate where the carbonyl double bond is broken, and the carbon becomes negatively charged (alkoxide).
3. The tetrahedral intermediate can then collapse, leading to the formation of an alcohol and the release of the hydroxyl group.

### Step 5: Identify the Products
- The reaction will yield:
- An **alcohol** (from the reduction of the aldehyde)
- A **carboxylic acid** (from the oxidation of the aldehyde)

The final products are:
- **m-Chlorobenzyl alcohol** (the alcohol product)
- **m-Chlorobenzoic acid** (the carboxylic acid product)

### Step 6: Finalize the Answer
- The products obtained from the reaction of m-chlorobenzaldehyde with 50% Ba(OH)₂ solution are **m-Chlorobenzyl alcohol** and **m-Chlorobenzoic acid**.