Aneuploidy of chromosomes in human beings results in certain disorders. Draw out the possibilities of the karyotype in common disorders of this in human beings and its consequences in individuals.

Explanation

Aneuploidy is the presence of an abnormal number of chromosome in a cell.
Example : A human cell having 45 or 47 chromosome.
Few of the Aneuploidy observed in human being are : Down's syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, Edward syndrome etc.
Down's Syndrome : It is caused due to the trisomy of chromosome 21. The person suffering from Down's syndrome has 3 chromosome 21 instead of 2.
Affected person is
`**" "`Short stratured with small round head.
`**" "`Furrowed tongue and partially open mouth.
`**" "`Palm is broad with chracteristic palmcrease.
`**" "`Physical, psychomotor and mental development is retarded.
Klinefelter syndrome :
It is caused due to the presence of an extra copy of X-chromosome resulting into XXY condition. The affected individual is :
`**" "`a male with enlarged breasts i.e., gynocanastia.
`**" "`such individual are sterite with small testicles.
Turner syndrome : It is caused due to loss of X chromosome in human female resulting in XO type. the affected individual :
`**" "`Female are sterile as ovaries are rudimentary.
`**" "`Lack of other secondary sexual characters.
`**" "` Webbed neck, short strature, swollen hand and feet.
Edward's syndrome : It is caused by the trisomy of chromosome 18.
Affected babies are :
`**" "`Born small and have heart defects.
`**" "`Small head, small jaw, clenched fist with overlapping fingers and severe intellectual disability.