Name and describe any three causes of biodiversity losses.

Explanation

Causes of biodiversity losses:
i) Habitat and fragmentation: This is the most important cause driving animals and plants to extinction. The most dramatic examples of habitat loss come from tropical rain forests. The Amazon rain forest harbouring probably millioins of species is being cut and cleared. When large habitats are broken up into small fragments due to various human activities, mammals are birds requirring large territores and certain animals with migratory habitats are badly affected, leading to population declines.
ii) Over-exploitation: Humans have always depended on nature for food and shelter, but when 'need' turns to 'greed', it leads to over-exploitation o natural resources.
iii) Co-extinctions. When a species become extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also become extinct.