Write the genotype of (i) an individual who is carrier of sickle cell anaemia gene but apparently unaffected, and (ii) an individual affected with the disease.

Explanation

To answer the question regarding the genotypes of individuals related to sickle cell anemia, we can break it down into two parts:

### Step 1: Identify the genotype of a carrier of sickle cell anemia who is apparently unaffected.
- Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. This means that an individual must have two copies of the sickle cell allele (HbS) to express the disease.
- A carrier of sickle cell anemia has one normal allele (HbA) and one sickle cell allele (HbS). This genotype is heterozygous.
- Therefore, the genotype of an individual who is a carrier but unaffected is **HbA HbS**.

### Step 2: Identify the genotype of an individual affected with sickle cell anemia.
...