Differentiate between incomplete dominance and co-dominaces. Substantiate your answer with one example of each.
OR
(a) Write the contributions of the following scientists in deciphering the genetic code.
George Gamow, Hargobind Khorana, Marshall Nirenberg, Severo Ochoa.
(b) State the importance of genetic code in protein biosynthesis.

Explanation

Incomplete dominance - Snapdragon flower
Co-dominance : It is a condition in which both the genes are equally dominant and so the character of both genes is well expressed in next generation.
ABO blood groups are controlled by gene I. Gene I has three alleles `I^(A), I^(B), and I root(O)(1)`. `I^(A) and I^(B)` produce RBC surface antigens A and B respectively, whereas, i does not produce any antigen. `I^(A) and I^(B)` are the dominant alleles whereas, i is the recessive allele. When `I^(A) and I^(B)` are present together, both express equally and produce surface antigens A and B (Blood group AB), as they are co-dominant.
OR
(a) George Gamow was a theoretical physicist and fomous for his contribution to molecular biology. Gamow proposed an overlapping triple code. It had to be triplet of bases because a doublet only produces `16 (4 xx 4)` combinations, whilst a triplet produces 64 possible combinations.
Hargobind Khorana deciphered the genetic code and received Nobel prize in Medicine in 1968.
Marshall Nirenberg along with Hargobind Khorana deciphered the genetic code. He also received Nobel prize for medicine in 1968.
Severo Ochoa was a awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1959 for his work on the synthesis of RNA.
(b) N/A.