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Explain how does : (a) a primary success...

Explain how does : (a) a primary succession start on a bare rock and reach a climax community?
(b) the algal bloom eventually choke the water body in an industrial area?

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Such a succession is called Xerarch succession. In this succession -
1. Pioneer species is lichens which secrete acids to dissolve rock causing weathering and soil formation.
2. Next seral stage will be bryophytes which can hold in the small amount of soil.
3. Bryophytes are then succeeded by grasses.
4. Grasses eventually will pave way for bigger trees which will form stable climax community. This remains stable as long as the environment remain unchanged.
(b) Effiuent from industries contains large amounts of nutrients. This causes excessive growth of free floating algae causing algal bloom. Alga starts consuming oxygen for its own consumption. This will decrease BOD of water body. This reduced BOD eventually causes death of all aquatic life thus, choking the water body.
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