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Explain why lithium, sodium and potassiu...

Explain why lithium, sodium and potassium forms monoxide, peroxide and superoxide respectively.

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Explain why : Lithium on being heated in air mainly forms the monoxide and not peroxide.

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Alkali metals on combustion in excess of air form different type of oxides depending on the size of metal cations e.g . lithium forms mainly the oxide Li_2O , sodium forms peroxide and some super oxides NaO_2 and potassium, Rubidium and caesium form the superoxides, MO_2 . The stability of peroxide and superoxide increases, as the size of the metal cation increases because of the stabilisation of larger anion by larger cations through lattice energy effect. These oxides are easily hydrolysed by water. The oxides and the peroxides are colourless when pure, but the superoxides are yellow or orange in colour. Peroxide and superoxide of sodium and potassium are widely used as oxidising agent and as air purifier in space capsules, submarines and breathing mask. When sodium reacts with excess of oxygen at 350^@ C , the oxidation number of oxygen per atom changes from:

Alkali metals on combustion in excess of air form different type of oxides depending on the size of metal cations e.g . lithium forms mainly the oxide Li_2O , sodium forms peroxide and some super oxides NaO_2 and potassium, Rubidium and caesium form the superoxides, MO_2 . The stability of peroxide and superoxide increases, as the size of the metal cation increases because of the stabilisation of larger anion by larger cations through lattice energy effect. These oxides are easily hydrolysed by water. The oxides and the peroxides are colourless when pure, but the superoxides are yellow or orange in colour. Peroxide and superoxide of sodium and potassium are widely used as oxidising agent and as air purifier in space capsules, submarines and breathing mask. Which of the following compound is used in the emergency breathing apparatus ?

Explain why NO_(2) forms dimer .

Explain why fluorine does not form F_(3)^(-) ions.

Lithium on being heated in air mainly forms the monoxide and not the peroxide. Why?

Explain, why lithium chloride has more covalent character than potassium chloride.