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In Ellingham diagram, the plot is drawn ...

In Ellingham diagram, the plot is drawn between

A

temperature, `Delta H^(@)`

B

temperature, `Delta G^(@)`

C

pressure, `Delta S^(@)`

D

temperature, `Delta E^(@)`

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
B
Standard Gibbs free energy `Delta G^(@)` is plotted against temperature (T).
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For a spontaneous reaction, the free energy change must be negative. DeltaG=DeltaH-TDeltaS is the enthalpy change during the reaction. T is absolute temperature, and AS is the change in entropy during the reaction. Consider a reaction such as the formation ofan oxide . M+O_(2) MO Dloxygen is used wp in the course of this reaction. Gases have a more random structure (less ordered) than liquid or solids consequently gases have a higher entropy than liquids and solids, in this reaction (entropy or randomness) decreases, hence is negative. Thus, the temperature is raised the DeltaS becomes more negative. Since, TDeltaS is subtracted in the equation, then SG becomes less negative. Thus, the free energy changes increases with the increase in temperature. The free energy changes that occur when one mole of common reactant in this case dioxygen) is we may e plotted graphically against temperature for a number of reactions of metals to their oxides. The following plot is called an Ellingham diagram for metal oxide. Understanding of Ellingham diagram is extremely important for the efficient extraction of metals. As per the Ellingham diagram of oxides which of the following conclusion is true?

Some statements about Ellingham diagram a) Increase in the slope of the line on +ve side indicates the phase transformation b) Metal Oxide decomposes on its own at the temperature when the Delta G^@ becomes positive c) Oxide of the upper line can be reduced by the element whose oxidation is represented by the lower line The correct statement is/are

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