Explain the conditions which creates problems inoxygen transport.

Explanation

(a) Higher Attitude When a person travels quickly from sea level toelevations above 8000 ft here the atmosphericpressure and partia pressure of oxygen are lowered the individual responds with symptoms of acute mountain sickness (AMS) - headache, shortness ofbreath, nausea and dizziness due to po0r binding of `O_(2)` with haemoglobin. When the person moves on a long-term basis to mountains from sea level the body begins to make respiratory and haematopoieticadjustments. To overcome this -situation kidneysaccelerate production of the horr.nohe erythropoietin,which stimulates the bone marrow to produce moreRBCs.
(b) Deep Sea: When a person descends deep into the sea, the pressure in the surrounding water increases which causes the lungs to decrease in volume.This increases the partial pressure of the gaseswithin the lungs. It also tends to drive additional oxygen into the circulation. The risk is that increased pressure can also drive nitrogen gas into the circulation. This increase in bloodnitrogen content can lead to nitrogen narcosis.When the diver ascends to the surface tooquickly a condition called .bends. occurs.Nitrogen comes out of solution while still inblood forming bubbles. If large bubbles are formed, they can block blood flow or press on nerve endings. This is associated with jointpains and neurological problems .
Carbon-di-oxide poisoning : During carbon-dioxide poisoning, the demand for oxygen increases. As the `O_(2)` level in the blood decreases it leads to suffocation and the skin turns bluish blak.