Ramu was 15 vears old when he went to a doctor to check his blood pressure. His pressure was around 158/98mmHg. The doctor advised him to measure his blood pressure at home for two weeks. He came to the doctor saying his average blood pressure was around 160/100mmHg. Doctor concludes that Ramu has high blood pressure or hypertension. If not controlled, hypertension can lead to heart failure, stroke and kidney failure. He returned to the doctor after two months after taking the drug, ACH inhibitor. This chemical blocks the production of angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor, so his blood pressure returned back to normal.
1. Why are people with high blood pressure at greater risk for having a hemorrhagic stroke?
2. Without medication Ramu's blood pressure was around 160/100mmHg after two weeks. Why this pressure was referred to as hypertension by the doctor.
3. Blocking the action of vasoconstrictor lower the blood pressure? Give reasons.
4. What is the role of ACH inhibitor in reducing blood pressure?
5. What conditions one might expect if the blood pressure is not controlled?

Explanation

Haemorrhage means "bleeding caused due to rupture of blood vessels". High blood pressure can lead 10 rupture of blood vessel and such people are more prone to haemorrhage.
2. In cases when the diastolic pressure exceech 90 mm Hg and the systolic pressure exceek 150 mm Hg persistently, the condition is called hypertension.
3. Vasoconstrictors are drugs which cause vasoconstriction or constriction of blood vesseh thus raising blood pressure. Hence bloking the action of vasoconstrictors reduces blood pressure.
ACE inhibitor - (Angiotension Convertint Enzyme) inhibitors reduce systemie blood pressure and reduce angiotensin-II therecy protecting the kidneys also from damage
5. If blood pressure is not controlled it can be lead to heart attack, stroke, aneurysm, heart failure etc.