(a) Explain how is Hinberg's reagent is used to distinguish the primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
(b) Write the chemical reactions involved in the conversion of aniline into phenol.

Explanation

(a) Hinsberg.s reagent reacts with `1^(@)` amine gives a product which is soluble in alkali.
(b) Hinsberg.s reagent reacts with `2^(@)` amine gives a product which is in soluble alkali
(c) Hinsberg.s reagent does not react with `3^(@)` amine.
(b) (i) `C_(6)H_(5)NH_(2) + NaNO_(2) +2HClundersetto(273-278K)C_(6)H_(5)N_(2)Cl+ NaCl + 2H_(2)O`
(ii) `C_(6)H_(5)N_(2)CI+H_(2)OtoC_(6)H_(5)OH+N_(2) + HCI`