What is contraception Briefly explain two barrier methods and two surgical methods to present conception.

Explanation

Contraception: Prevention of conception is called contraception. There are three major categories of contraception. They are natural, mechanical and chemical methods.
(a) Condom (Sheath): This is used by men. Condom is a nonporous, elastic, tight fitting sheath of rubber which is unrolled over the penis before intercourse. The ejected semen is trapped in the condom and thus the entry of sperm into the vagin is prevented.
(b) diaphragm (cap): This is used by woman : Diaphragm is a flexible done-shaped device made up of thin rubber. It is inserted into the vagina and positioned over the cervix before intercourse. It prevents the entry of sperms into the uterus.
( c ) Vasectomy : This is a method of male sterilization. It involves surgical removal of a small portion of each vasdeferens. An incision is made in the scrotum on each side, the vas defens is located and each one is tied in two places. then the portion between the two ties of cut-off. In this method production of sperm continues in the testes but they cannot reach the urethra. vasectomy is reversible.
(d) Tubectomy ( tubal ligation): This is a method of female sterilization. It involves surgical removal of small portion of each uterine tube. A small incision is made into the abdominal cavity and the uterine tubes are squeezes to form a small loop called knuckle and a suture is tied at the base of the knuckle then the knuckle is cut. In about 4 to 5 days the suture is digested by the body fluids and the two severed ends of the tubes separate. Therefore, the ovum is prevented from passing into the uterus, and the sperms cannot reach the ovum. Tubectomy is reversible.