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(a) Element of Gr. 16 generally show low...

(a) Element of Gr. 16 generally show lower value of first ionization enthalpy compared to the corresponding periods of Br. 15 Why?
(b) What happens with
(i) concentrated `H_(2)SO_(4)` is added to `CaF_(2)`?
(ii) sulphur dioxide reacts with chlorine in the presence of charcoal?
(iii) ammonium chloride is treated with `Ca(OH)_(2)`?

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

(a) Due to extra stable half-filled p-orbitals electronic configuration of Group 15 elements, larger amount of energy is reqruied to remove electrons compared to group 16 elements.
(b) (i) `CaF_(2)+H_(2)SO_(4)to2HF+CaSO_(4)`
suphur dioxide reacts with moist chlorine to form a mixture of sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid. it is reduction reaction of sulphur oxide.
`SO_(2)+Cl_(2)toSO_(2)Cl_(2)`
(ii) Sulphur dioxide reacts with moist chlorine to form a mixture of sulphuric acid annd hydrochloric acid. it is a reduction reaction of sulphur dioxide.
`SO_(2)+Cl_(2)+2H_(2)Oto2HCl+H_(2)SO_(4)`
(iii) `NH_(4)Cl+Ca(OH)_(2)=CaCl_(2)+2NH_(3(g))+2H_(2)O`
the ammonium ion is ported into ammonia which is discharged and `H^(+)` which reacts with the OH-of the calcium hydroxide to produce water.
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