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a) What is hydrogenation? What is its in...

a) What is hydrogenation? What is its industrial application.
b) Give the names of the following
i) An aldehyde derived from ethane.
ii) Ketone derived from butane
iii) Compound obtained by the oxidation of ethanol by chromic anhydride.

Text Solution

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Addition of hydrogen to unsaturated hydrocarbons in presence of a catalyst such as nickel or palladium to form saturated hydrocarbons is called hydrogenation For Example:-

Industrial application:-
The process of hydrogenation is used in industry to convert vegetable oils to vanaspathi ghee

The vegetable oil contains a number of unsaturated carbon chain having double bonds between carbon atoms when `H_(2)` is bubbled through vegetable oils in presence of nickel as catalyst at 437K some of the double bonds add `H_(2)` to form saturated carbon chain. As a result of this partial hydrogenation, oils are converted into solid fats.
b) i) Ethanal(`CH_(3)CHO`)
ii) Butanone (`CH_(3)CO CH_(2)CH_(3)`)
iii) Ethanol (`CH_(3)CHO`).
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