How is soil formed?

Explanation

Soil is formed by breaking down of rocks at or near the surface of the Earth through various physical chemical and biological processes by various factors such as sun as sun water wind and living organisms .
Sun : During day time the rocks are heated up by solar rays . This causes the rocks to expand . During night time these rocks cool down and contracts thus the cracks develop in the rock cool down and contracts thus the cracks develop in the rock and they break down.
Water : It help breaking of rocks in two ways
(i) It goes into the cracks and cracks formed in the rocks when the water freezes its volume increases . As a result the size of the creeks also increases . This help in the weathering of rocks .
(ii) Water moving at fast speed carries big and small particles of rock down stream These rocks sub against each other resulting in breaking down of rocks . These smaller particle are carried away by running water and deposited down its path.
Wind : Strong winds carry away rocks which causes rubbing of rocks . This results in the breaking down of rocks into smaller and smaller particles .
Living Organisms : Some living organisms like lichens help in the formation of soil . Lichens grow on rock surface and converts them into powdery form and make soil layer . In the sameway, the plants like moss also help in the making of fine soil particles .