Explain the process of translocation of food materials in plants.

Explanation

Translocation, i.e., transportation of food in plants takes place through pholem. Sieve tubes with the help of adjacent companion cells in the phloem move the soluble food in the form of sucrose, aminoacids etc in both upward and downward directions. Live cells of phloem actively take up material like sucrose using energy from ATP. This increases the osmotic pressure of the tissue causing water to move into it. This pressure moves the material in the phloem to tissues which have less pressure. According to the needs of the plants food from leaves to storage organs of roots, fruits and seeds and the growing regions or from stored parts such as roots or stem to the buds (in spring) which needs energy to grow is transported.