In the following question a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R )
A : When two conductors charged to different potentials are connected to each other , the negative charge always flows from lower potential to higher potential.
R : In the charging process, there is always a flow of electrons only.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion , then mark (1).
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not correct explanation of the assertion then mark (2)
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements , then mark (4).

Answer

To analyze the assertion (A) and reason (R) provided in the question, we can break down the statements step by step:

### Step 1: Understanding the Assertion (A)
The assertion states that when two conductors charged to different potentials are connected, the negative charge always flows from lower potential to higher potential.

- **Explanation**: In electrostatics, the potential difference between two points determines the direction of charge flow. When two conductors are connected, charges will redistribute themselves until they reach the same potential.

### Step 2: Analyzing the Flow of Charge
If we denote the potentials of the two conductors as V1 (higher potential) and V2 (lower potential), we can analyze the flow of charge:

- **Flow of Charge**: When the conductors are connected, electrons (which carry a negative charge) will flow from the conductor at lower potential (V2) to the conductor at higher potential (V1). This is because electrons are attracted to the higher potential, and they will move to equalize the potential difference.

### Step 3: Understanding the Reason (R)
The reason states that in the charging process, there is always a flow of electrons only.

- **Explanation**: In any conductive material, the charge carriers are electrons. When we say that a positive charge moves, it is actually a convention. In reality, it is the electrons that are moving. Therefore, the statement that there is always a flow of electrons during charging is correct.

### Step 4: Conclusion
Now, we can conclude the relationship between the assertion and reason:

- **Assertion (A)** is correct because it accurately describes the direction of charge flow based on potential differences.
- **Reason (R)** is also correct because it correctly identifies that the flow of charge in conductors is due to the movement of electrons.

### Final Statement
Both the assertion (A) and the reason (R) are correct, but the assertion does not fully represent the reason. The assertion is about the flow of negative charge, while the reason explains the nature of charge carriers.