`2C_6H_5Cl+2Na overset(dry ether)rarrX,X` is

Options

A. toluene
B. biphenyl
C. phenyl ethane
D. 1 - chloro - 2- phenyl ethane

Explanation

To solve the question `2C_6H_5Cl + 2Na → X` in the presence of dry ether, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
The reactants in the equation are:
- 2 molecules of chlorobenzene (C₆H₅Cl)
- 2 atoms of sodium (Na)

### Step 2: Understand the Reaction Type
This reaction is a **Fittig reaction**, which involves the coupling of aryl halides (in this case, chlorobenzene) in the presence of sodium and dry ether.

### Step 3: Reaction Mechanism
In a Fittig reaction, sodium reacts with the aryl halide to form a new carbon-carbon bond between two aryl groups. The sodium replaces the chlorine atom in chlorobenzene, leading to the formation of biphenyl.

### Step 4: Write the Product
When two chlorobenzene molecules react with two sodium atoms, they couple to form biphenyl (C₁₂H₁₀). The reaction can be summarized as follows:
\[ 2C_6H_5Cl + 2Na \xrightarrow{\text{dry ether}} C_{12}H_{10} + 2NaCl \]
Thus, the product X is biphenyl (C₁₂H₁₀).

### Final Answer
The product X is **biphenyl (C₁₂H₁₀)**.

---