Lichens which are tiny plants and attached to substratum by disc is

Options

A. Crustose lichens
B. Foliose lichens
C. Fructicose lichens
D. None of these

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Lichens**: Lichens are symbiotic organisms made up of fungi and photosynthetic partners (like algae or cyanobacteria). They can be classified into different types based on their morphology and growth form.

2. **Identifying the Types of Lichens**:
- **Crustose Lichens**: These lichens form a crust-like structure that adheres tightly to the substrate (like rocks or tree bark). They do not have a distinct shape and are not attached by a disc.
- **Foliose Lichens**: These are leaf-like lichens that have a more defined structure and are not attached by a disc. They can be peeled off the substrate easily.
- **Fruticose Lichens**: These are bushy or branched lichens that can resemble small shrubs. They are typically attached to the substrate by a disc or a holdfast.
- **None of These**: This option implies that none of the previous types fit the description provided in the question.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- The first option (Crustose) is incorrect because they do not attach by a disc.
- The second option (Foliose) is also incorrect for the same reason.
- The third option (Fruticose) is correct because these lichens are indeed tiny plants that can be attached to the substrate by a disc.
- The last option (None of These) is incorrect since we have identified Fruticose lichens as the correct answer.

4. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer to the question is **Fruticose Lichens**.