Pili/fimbriae are surface appendages that never help in locomotion but help in

Options

A. Attachment
B. Conjugation
C. Pellicle formation
D. 1 and 2

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Pili/Fimbriae**: Pili and fimbriae are surface appendages found on bacteria. They are primarily composed of protein structures.

2. **Function of Pili/Fimbriae**: The main functions of pili and fimbriae include:
- **Attachment**: They help bacteria adhere to surfaces, which is crucial for colonization and infection.
- **Conjugation**: Pili are involved in the process of conjugation, which is a method of genetic material transfer between bacterial cells.

3. **Pellicle Formation**: While pellicle formation is mentioned, it is important to note that this process involves a thin layer of protein that protects cell membranes. However, pellicles are not typically associated with bacteria since they lack membrane-bound organelles.

4. **Conclusion**: Based on the functions of pili and fimbriae, they do not assist in locomotion but are essential for attachment and conjugation. Therefore, the correct answer is that pili and fimbriae help in attachment and conjugation.

5. **Final Answer**: The correct options are attachment and conjugation, which corresponds to option 4.

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