maximum bordered pits are dound in tracheids of

Options

A. monoctyledons
B. dicotyledons
C. pleridophytes
D. gymnosperms

Answer

To answer the question regarding where the maximum bordered pits are found in tracheids, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Bordered Pits**:
- Bordered pits are specialized structures found in the cell walls of tracheids. They are formed during the thickening of the cell wall, where lignin is deposited.

2. **Lignin Deposition**:
- During the thickening process, lignin covers the primary cell wall of tracheids. However, it does not cover certain areas, which leads to the formation of pits.

3. **Characteristics of Bordered Pits**:
- Bordered pits consist of small regions where the primary cell wall remains un-lignified. These pits are crucial for water transport and communication between adjacent tracheids.

4. **Location of Bordered Pits**:
- Bordered pits are concentrated on the end walls of tracheids. They share a common membrane with the primary wall and middle lamella of adjacent cells.

5. **Primitive Character of Bordered Pits**:
- The presence of bordered pits is considered a primitive characteristic, which evolved from lateral and alternate pits. This trait is more pronounced in certain plant groups.

6. **Comparison Among Plant Groups**:
- Gymnosperms are more primitive than angiosperms (which include monocots and dicots). As such, gymnosperms exhibit a greater abundance of bordered pits compared to angiosperms.

7. **Conclusion**:
- Given the evolutionary context and the characteristics of bordered pits, the maximum bordered pits are found in the tracheids of **Gymnosperms**.

### Final Answer:
Maximum bordered pits are found in tracheids of **Gymnosperms**.